Knowledge of the workers of the construction industry about acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and associated factors.

BACKGROUND: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs), such as Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) transmitted by biological, socioeconomic and cultural factors that increase the vulnerability of certain population groups such as civil construction workers. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the knowledge of workers in the construction industry about infection by HIV and associated factors. METHODS: A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted, including 381 construction workers, in the cities of João Pessoa, Cabedelo, and Santa Rita, in the State of Paraíba, Brazil, performed through interviews, using a data collection instrument with social demographic variables and the HIV Knowledge Questionnaire. Data were analyzed using descriptive measures, and for comparison between the categories the Kruskal-Wallis test was used, with margin of error of 5% . RESULTS: A predominance of male workers was observed (97.4%) among 381 workers; aged 30-39 (34.1%); married (81.4%); with up to eight years of education (66.6%); family income of up to 2x the minimum wage (52.8%) and coming from the country (43.8%). The average of correct responses was 63.3%, with higher indices (70.0%) related to transmission and forms of prevention. There were higher percentages of hits among those who had studied for 12 years or more. Workers from the capital of Paraíba presented a higher number of correct responses (67.44%). CONCLUSIONS: There is a low index of knowledge of construction workers about HIV, highlighting their consequent vulnerability to acquiring this infection.

Sexual behavior of university students in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-methods study.

OBJECTIVE: To analyze the sexual behaviors of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: Mixed study, carried out on four campuses of a public university in Paraíba, Brazil, between March 2021 and April 2022. The research followed ethical precepts. RESULTS: 404 university students were included, with an average age of 23.7 years, predominantly female, brown and single. The prevalence of self-reported sexually transmitted infections was 7.9%. Male students were more likely to engage in risky sexual behavior. Multiple logistic regression indicated that university students aged 25 or over who had engaged in casual sex in the last 12 months and had received or paid for sex were more likely to have sexually transmitted infections. The content analysis showed that social isolation was reflected in reduced consumption of alcohol and other substances, reduced sexual practices, increased use of social networks, as well as low adherence to condoms. CONCLUSION: Physical distancing has an impact on the sexual behavior of university students, as well as on the consumption of alcohol and other substances.

Comprometimento da saúde no pós-alta de pacientes tratados por hanseníase e fatores relacionados: revisão de escopo / Post-discharge health impairment of patients treated for leprosy and related factors: scope review / Deterioro de la salud tras el alta en pacientes tratados por lepra y factores re-lacionados: una revisión general

Objetivo: mapear evidências na literatura científica sobre o comprometimento de saúde no pós-alta de pacientes tratados por Hanseníase e fatores relacionados. Materiais e Método: revisão de escopo realizada a partir das bases de dados CINAHL, LILACS, MEDLINE, PUBMED, SCOPUS e Web of Science em março de 2021, norteados pela estratégia mnemônica que auxilia na identificação do Problema, Conceito e Contexto propostos pelo Instituto Joanna Briggs, sistematizados por meio do fluxograma PRISMA-ScR e registrados na Open Science Framework (osf.io/vmdc6). Foram incluídos estudos sobre a temática publicados até fevereiro de 2021 no cenário nacional e internacional. Resultados: dos dez artigos incluídos na amostra final, nove evidenciaram algum grau de comprometimento funcional, demonstrando fragilidades no acompanhamento desde o diagnóstico até o período pós-alta. Conclusões: evidencia-se acometimentos com maior frequência sobretudo de ordem física, que impactam diretamente a funcionalidade nas atividades de vida diária e social dessas pessoas. As fragilidades no monitoramento pós-alta foram relacionadas ao déficit de profissionais capacitados, ao desconhecimento de técnicas de avaliação e classificação do grau de incapacidade, à carência na oferta de educação em saúde, à dificuldade de acesso aos serviços de saúde, ao atraso no tratamento dos episódios reacionais e reabilitação biopsicossocial e à ausência da sistematização do cuidado.(AU)

Objective: to map evidence in the scientific literature on the post-discharge health impairment of patients treated for leprosy and related factors. Materials and Method: scope review carried out from the CINAHL, LILACS, MEDLINE, PUBMED, SCOPUS and Web of Science databases in March 2021, guided by the mnemonic strategy that helps to identify the Problem, Concept and Context proposed by the Joanna Institute Briggs, systematized through the PRISMA-ScR flowchart, and registered in the Open Science Framework (osf.io/vmdc6). Studies on the subject published until February 2021 in the national and international scenario were included. Results: of the ten articles included in the final sample, nine showed some degree of functional impairment, demonstrating weaknesses in follow-up from diagnosis to the post-discharge period. Conclusions: there is evidence of more frequent involvement, especially of a physical nature, which directly impact the functionality of these people's daily and social activities. Weaknesses in post-discharge monitoring were related to the lack of trained professionals, lack of knowledge of assessment techniques and classification of the degree of disability, lack of health education provision, difficulty in accessing health services, delay in treatment of reactional episodes and biopsychosocial rehabilitation and the absence of systematization of care.(AU)

Objetivo: mapear en la literatura científica las evidencias sobre el deterioro de la salud post-alta en pacientes tratados por lepra y factores relacionados. Materiales y Métodos: revisión de alcance realizada a partir de las bases de datos CINAHL, LILACS, MEDLINE, PUBMED, SCOPUS y Web of Science en marzo de 2021, guiada por la estrategia mnemotécnica que ayu-da a identificar el Problema, Concepto y Contexto propuesta por el Instituto Joanna Briggs, sistematizada a través del flujograma PRISMA-ScR y registrada en el Open Science Framework (osf.io/vmdc6). Fueron incluidos estudios sobre el tema, publicados hasta febrero de 2021, en el escenario nacional e internacional. Resultados: de los diez artículos incluidos en la muestra final, nueve mostraron algún grado de deterioro funcional, demostrando debilidades en el seguimiento desde el diagnóstico hasta el período posterior al alta. Conclusiones: se evidencia con mayor frecuencia ataques sobre todo de orden físico que impactan directamente en la funcionalidad en las actividades de la vida diaria y social de las personas. Fragilidades en el seguimiento postoperatorio relacionadas con el déficit de profesionales capacitados, el desco-nocimiento de las técnicas de evaluación y clasificación del grado de incapacidad, la carencia en la oferta de educación en salud, la dificultad de acceso a los servicios de salud, el retraso en el tratamiento de los episodios reaccionarios y la rehabilitación biopsicosocial y la ausencia de...(AU)

Repertórios interculturais de mulheres sobre concepções de HIV/AIDS em cenário interétnico / Repertorios interculturales de mujeres acerca de concepciones de VIH/SIDA en un escenario interétnico / Intercultural repertories of women on HIV/AIDS conceptions in na interethnic scenario

Resumo Objetivo analisar, sob a perspectiva da interculturalidade, os significados atribuídos ao HIV/AIDS que compõem os repertórios de mulheres em situação interétnica. Método estudo descritivo, retrospectivo, desenvolvido com base no banco de dados de pesquisa primária. A amostra foi constituída por 642 registros, provenientes da aplicação do Teste de Associação Livre de Palavras, com 386 mulheres não indígenas e 256 mulheres indígenas procedentes do município de Rio Tinto-PB. As respostas apreendidas do estímulo indutor AIDS foram categorizadas segundo grupo de pertencimento, idade e conjugalidade. Os dados foram processados pelo software IraMuTeQ, e analisados pelas técnicas de Classificação Hierárquica Descendente, Especificidades Complementares e Análise Fatorial de Correspondência. As discussões apoiaram-se nas três perspectivas que abarcam a interculturalidade: relacional, funcional e crítica. Resultados foram conformadas três classes denominadas: Repertório biomédico; Repertório socioemocional; e Repertório comportamental. O biomédico foi o mais significativo para ambos os grupos, sendo liderado pelas não indígenas, e os constituintes socioemocional e comportamental foram majoritariamente representados pelas indígenas. Considerações Finais e implicações para a prática nesse cenário interétnico, o diálogo intercultural se materializa no intercâmbio de forma heterogênea de pensar-saber-fazer, que se desdobra sob a luz da interculturalidade relacional e funcional, demonstrando movimentos embrionários para a interculturalidade crítica.

Resumen Objetivo analizar desde la perspectiva de la interculturalidad los significados atribuidos al VIH y SIDA que componen los repertorios de mujeres en situación interétnica. Método estudio descriptivo, retrospectivo, desarrollado con base en la base de datos de investigación primaria. La muestra estuvo compuesta por 642 registros, provenientes de la aplicación del Test Libre de Asociación de Palabras, con 386 mujeres no indígenas y 256 mujeres indígenas del municipio de Rio Tinto-PB. Las respuestas aprendidas del estímulo inductor del SIDA se clasificaron según pertenencia al grupo, edad y estado civil. Los datos fueron procesados por el software IRaMuTeQ y analizados mediante las técnicas de Clasificación Jerárquica Descendente, Especificidades Complementarias y Análisis de Correspondencia Factorial. Las discusiones se basaron en las tres perspectivas que engloban la interculturalidad: relacional, funcional y crítica. Resultados se formaron tres clases: Repertorio biomédico; Repertorio socioemocional; y Repertorio conductual. El biomédico fue el más significativo para ambos grupos, siendo liderado por mujeres no indígenas, y los constituyentes socioemocionales y conductuales estuvieron mayoritariamente representados por mujeres indias. Consideraciones finales e implicaciones para la práctica en este escenario interétnico, el diálogo intercultural se materializa en el intercambio de una manera heterogénea de pensar-saber-hacer, que se despliega a la luz de la interculturalidad relacional y funcional, evidenciando movimientos embrionarios hacia una interculturalidad crítica.

Abstract Objective to analyze, from the perspective of interculturality, the meanings attributed to HIV/AIDS that make up the repertoires of women in interethnic situations. Method a descriptive, retrospective study, developed based on the primary research database. The sample consisted of 642 records, from the application of the Word Association Test, with 386 non-indigenous women and 256 indigenous women from the municipality of Rio Tinto-PB. The responses learned from the AIDS-inducing stimulus were categorized according to group belonging, age and marital status. Data were processed by the IRaMuTeQ software, and analyzed using the Descending Hierarchical Classification, complementary specificities and factorial correspondence analysis techniques. The discussions were based on the three perspectives that encompass interculturality: relational, functional and critical. Results Three classes were formed: Biomedical Repertoire, Socio-emotional Repertoire and Behavioral Repertoire. Biomedical Repertoire was the most significant for both groups, being led by non-indigenous women; the socio-emotional and behavioral constituents were mostly represented by indigenous women. Final considerations and implications for practice in this interethnic setting, intercultural dialogue materializes in the exchange of a heterogeneous way of thinking-knowing-doing, which unfolds in the light of relational and functional interculturality, demonstrating embryonic movements towards critical interculturality.

Sexual behavior of university students in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic: a mixed-methods study / Comportamiento sexual de los estudiantes universitarios en el contexto de la pandemia de covid-19: un estudio de métodos mixtos / Comportamento sexual de universitários no contexto da pandemia da COVID-19: um estudo de método misto

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze the sexual behaviors of university students during the COVID-19 pandemic. Method: Mixed study, carried out on four campuses of a public university in Paraíba, Brazil, between March 2021 and April 2022. The research followed ethical precepts. Results: 404 university students were included, with an average age of 23.7 years, predominantly female, brown and single. The prevalence of self-reported sexually transmitted infections was 7.9%. Male students were more likely to engage in risky sexual behavior. Multiple logistic regression indicated that university students aged 25 or over who had engaged in casual sex in the last 12 months and had received or paid for sex were more likely to have sexually transmitted infections. The content analysis showed that social isolation was reflected in reduced consumption of alcohol and other substances, reduced sexual practices, increased use of social networks, as well as low adherence to condoms. Conclusion: Physical distancing has an impact on the sexual behavior of university students, as well as on the consumption of alcohol and other substances.

RESUMEN Objetivo: Analizar el comportamiento sexual de estudiantes universitarios durante la pandemia de COVID-19. Método: Estudio de método mixto realizado en cuatro campus de una universidad pública de Paraíba, Brasil, entre marzo de 2021 y abril de 2022. La investigación siguió preceptos éticos. Resultados: Fueron incluidos 404 estudiantes universitarios, con edad media de 23,7 años, predominantemente del sexo femenino, castaños y solteros. La prevalencia de infecciones de transmisión sexual autodeclaradas fue del 7,9%. Los estudiantes varones eran más propensos a tener conductas sexuales de riesgo. La regresión logística múltiple indicó que los estudiantes universitarios de 25 años o más, que habían mantenido relaciones sexuales ocasionales en los últimos 12 meses y que habían recibido o pagado por mantener relaciones sexuales tenían más probabilidades de padecer infecciones de transmisión sexual. El análisis de contenido mostró que el aislamiento social se reflejaba en una reducción del consumo de alcohol y otras sustancias, una reducción de las prácticas sexuales, un aumento del uso de redes sociales, así como una baja adherencia al preservativo. Conclusión: El distanciamiento físico influye en el comportamiento sexual de los universitarios, así como en el consumo de alcohol y otras sustancias.

RESUMO Objetivo: Analisar os comportamentos sexuais de estudantes universitários durante a pandemia da COVID-19. Método: Estudo misto, realizado em quatro campus de uma universidade pública na Paraíba, Brasil, entre março de 2021 e abril de 2022. A pesquisa seguiu os preceitos éticos. Resultados: Foram incluídos 404 universitários, com idade média de 23,7 anos de idade, com predomínio do sexo feminino, pardo e solteiro. A prevalência de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis por autorrelato foi de 7,9%. Estudantes do sexo masculino apresentaram com maior frequência a prática de comportamentos sexuais de risco. A regressão logística múltipla indicou que universitários com idade igual ou superior a 25 anos, que praticaram relação sexual casual nos últimos 12 meses e já receberam ou pagaram em troca de relação sexual apresentaram maiores chances de incidência de infecções sexualmente transmissíveis. A análise de conteúdo evidenciou que o isolamento social refletiu na diminuição do consumo de álcool e outras substâncias, redução de práticas sexuais, aumento do uso de redes sociais, assim como na baixa adesão ao preservativo. Conclusão: O distanciamento físico repercutiu no comportamento sexual de estudantes universitários, assim como no consumo de álcool e outras substâncias.

Comportamento sexual de mulheres pós-modernas e as infecções sexualmente transmissíveis: um estudo de revisão / Sexual behavior of post-modern women and sexually transmitted infections: a review study / Comportamiento sexual de mujeres posmoderno e infecciones de transmisión sexual: estudio de revisión

Objetivo: identificar as evidências científicas disponíveis na literatura sobre os comportamentos sexuais de risco de mulheres e a relação com a ocorrência de Infecções Sexualmente Transmissíveis. Método: revisão integrativa de artigos disponíveis na íntegra, obtidos nas bases PubMed, EBSCO, Lilacs e Web of Science. Foram utilizados descritores controlados e palavras-chave "women" ou "woman" ou "female", "sexually transmitted disease/transmission" ou "sexually transmitted diseases/transmission" e "comportamento sexual de risco" ou "unsafe sex". Resultados: foram identificados 794 estudos. Desses, treze estudos compuseram a amostra. As evidências mostraram que múltiplos parceiros sexuais; o uso de aplicativos móveis para recrutar parceiros; mulheres que fazem sexo com mulheres independente da orientação sexual; disparidade de idade em relacionamentos; relacionamentos intergeracionais são comportamentos sexuais de risco entre mulheres. Conclusão: presença de novos comportamentos sexuais de risco entre as mulheres pós-modernas. Identificar os novos e velhos comportamentos sexuais de risco é fundamental para o rastreio das infecções sexualmente transmissíveis.

Objective: to identify the scientific evidence available in the literature on the risky sexual behavior of women and the relationship with the occurrence of Sexually Transmitted. Method: integrative review of articles available in full, obtained from PubMed, EBSCO, Lilacs and Web os Science databases. Controlled descriptors and keywords "women" or "woman" or "female", "sexually transmitted disease/transmission" or "sexually transmitted diseases/transmission" and "risky sexual behavior" or "unsafe sex" were used. Results: 794 studies were identified. Of there, thirteen studies composed the sample. Evidence showed that multiple sexual partners; the use of mobile apps to recruit partners; women who have sex with women regardless of sexual orientation; age disparity in relationships; intergenerational relationships are risky sexual behaviors among women. Conclusion: presence of new sexual risk behaviors among post-moderns women. Identify new and old risky sexual behaviors is critical for screening for sexually transmitted infections.

Objetivo: identificar la evidencia científica disponible en la literatura sobre el comportamiento sexual de riesgo de las mujeres y la relación con la ocurrencia de Infecciones de Transmisión Sexual. Método: revisión integradora de artículos disponibles en su totalidad, obtenidos de las bases de datos PubMed, EBSCO, LILACS y Web of Science. Se utilizaron descriptores controlados y palabras clave "women" o "woman" o "female", "sexually transmitted disease/transmission" o "sexually transmitted diseases/ transmission" y "comportamento sexual de risco" o "unsafe sex" se utilizó. Resultados: se identificaron 794 estudios. De estos, trece estudios comprendieron la muestra. La evidencia mostró que múltiples parejas sexuales; el uso de aplicaciones móviles para reclutar socios; mujeres que tienen relaciones sexuales con mujeres independientemente de su orientación sexual; disparidad de edad en las relaciones; las relaciones intergeneracionales son comportamientos sexuales de riesgo entre las mujeres. Conclusión:presencia de nuevos e comportamientos sexuales de riesgo entre mujeres posmodernas. Identificar comportamientos sexuales de riesgo nuevos y antiguos es fundamental para la detección de infecciones de transmisión sexual.

Calidad de vida sexual de las mujeres ribereñas: análisis de las prácticas y actitudes sexuales / Quality of sexual life of riparian women: Analysis of sexual practices and attitudes

Objetivo: Analizar las prácticas, las actitudes y la calidad de vida sexual en las mujeres ribereñas, así como los factores asociados. Método: Estudio analítico transversal realizado en mujeres ribereñas con el cuestionario Study of Sexual Behavior. Se realizó un análisis bivariado y regresiones logísticas binarias para identificar factores asociados con la calidad de vida sexual. Resultados: Un total de 138 mujeres participaron en el estudio (n=138). Un 34,1 y un 33,3% de las mujeres informaron que sentían dolor y perdían interés durante o después de las relaciones sexuales, respectivamente. En cuanto a las prácticas realizadas durante las relaciones sexuales, las mujeres reportaron besos (85,5%), abrazos (89,1%), masturbación mutua (37,2%), sexo oral (34,8%) y sexo anal (23,9%). Sin embargo, la mayoría reportó no usar condones durante las relaciones sexuales (63%). En cuanto a la calidad de vida sexual, el 39,9% de las mujeres la calificaron como buena. La educación superior y la iniciación sexual temprana aumentan las posibilidades de una «buena» calidad de vida sexual. Conclusión: Debido a que existen algunos comportamientos sexuales de riesgo en las mujeres ribereñas, como no usar condón, se deben intensificar e incorporar estrategias educativas en la prevención de las infecciones de transmisión sexual en esta población. Esto puede ayudar a mejorar la calidad de la vida sexual de estas mujeres.(AU)

Objective: To analyse the sexual practices, attitudes, and sexual quality of life of Riparian woman and associated factors. Method: A cross-sectional analytical study conducted among Riparian women using the Study of Sexual Behaviour questionnaire. A bivariate analysis and binary logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with sexual quality of life. Results: A total of 138 women participated in the study (n=138). Of the women, 34.1% and 33.3% reported pain and loss of interest during or after sex, respectively. In terms of practices during sex, women reported kissing (85.5%), cuddling (89.1%), mutual masturbation (37.2%), oral sex (34.8%), and anal sex (23.9%). However, the majority reported not using condoms during sex (63.0%). In terms of sexual quality of life, 39.9% of the women rated it as good. Higher education and early sexual initiation increase the chances of a “good” sexual quality of life. Conclusion: Because Riparian women engage in some risky sexual behaviours, such as not using condoms, educational strategies on the prevention of sexually transmitted infections should be reinforced and incorporated in this population. This may help improve these women's sexual quality of life.(AU)

Health-related quality of life predictors in people with chronic wounds.

OBJECTIVE: To assess health-related quality of life and its predictors among people with chronic wounds. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A cross-sectional, analytical study was conducted with 85 people with chronic wounds, from July to September 2019, at a university hospital in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. Data were collected using forms and the Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule (CWIS). For data analysis, multiple linear regression was performed. RESULTS: The mean quality of life score according to the CWIS was 45.57. The variables gender, marital status, comorbidities, duration of injury and appearance of exudate were negatively associated with the well-being domain. Injury duration, tissue depth, tissue type, and exudate volume were variables negatively associated with physical symptoms and mastery of daily living. Religion, wound origin, duration, lesion size, and tissue depth were negatively associated with the social life domain. CONCLUSION: Sociodemographic characteristics and wound-related aspects need to be considered when assessing and caring for patients with chronic wounds to ensure a better quality of life.

Syphilis in riverine communities: prevalence and associated factors.

OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence of syphilis and associated factors in riverine communities. METHOD: This is a cross-sectional and analytical study carried out with 250 riverside dwellers living in five communities in the city of João Pessoa, state of Paraíba. Data were collected through interviews and rapid screening tests to investigate syphilis. Bivariate, logistic regression and weight of evidence analysis were performed to identify the association between risk factors and behavior variables and rapid test positivity. RESULTS: he prevalence of syphilis was 11.6% (95%CI: 7.5-15.6). Riverside dwellers who have a previous history of Sexually Transmitted Infection (OR 8.00; 95%CI: 2.76-23.2), history of imprisonment (OR 7.39; 95%CI: 1.61-33.7) and who reported having more than two sexual partners in the last 12 months (OR 4.31; 95%CI: 1.55-11.9) were more likely to be positive for syphilis. CONCLUSION: High prevalence of syphilis among riverside dwellers and the presence of behavioral factors that increase vulnerability to acquiring the infection. The need to invest in preventive and screening strategies for syphilis in populations considered vulnerable is highlighted.

Consumo prejudicial de álcool e fatores associados em populações ribeirinhas / Harmful alcohol consumption and associated factors in riverine communities

Objetivo: identificar a prevalência do consumo prejudicial de álcool e seus fatores associados entre os ribeirinhos do estado da Paraíba, Brasil. Método: estudo transversal e analítico realizado com 250 moradores de comunidades ribeirinhas da Paraíba, no período de junho a outubro de 2019. Regressão logística bivariada e múltipla foi utilizada para análise dos dados. Resultados: a prevalência do consumo prejudicial de álcool (AUDIT ≥ 8) foi de 30,4% (IC95% 24,7-36,1). Ribeirinhos com maiores chances de apresentarem um uso prejudicial de álcool foram os que fazem uso de drogas ilícitas (OR=3,70; IC95% 1,97-6,96) e de tabaco (OR=2,80; IC95% 1,51-5,21). Conclusão: os ribeirinhos apresentaram uma alta prevalência de consumo prejudicial de álcool, o que torna necessária a adoção de estratégias de prevenção e promoção da saúde quanto ao seu uso nocivo e a suas consequências à saúde da população ribeirinha.

Objective: to identify the prevalence of harmful alcohol consumption and its associated factors among residents of riverine communities in the state of Paraíba, Brazil. Method: cross-sectional, analytical study of 250 residents of riverine communities in Paraíba, from June to October 2019. Bivariate and multiple logistic regression was used for data analysis. Results: the prevalence of harmful alcohol consumption (AUDIT ≥ 8) was 30.4% (95%CI 24.7-36.1). The residents of riverine communities who were most likely to harmful use of alcohol were those who use illicit drugs (OR=3.70; 95%CI 1.97-6.96) and tobacco (OR=2.80; 95%CI 1.51-5.21). Conclusion: residents of riverine communities had a high prevalence of harmful alcohol consumption, which brings the need to adopt prevention and health promotion strategies regarding the harmful use of alcohol and its consequences for the health of this population.

Health-related quality of life in people with chronic wounds and associated factors / Calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de personas con heridas crónicas y factores asociados / Qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pessoas com feridas crônicas e fatores associados

ABSTRACT Objective to assess health-related quality of life in people with chronic wounds and its association with sociodemographic and health characteristics. Method a cross-sectional and analytical study conducted with 85 individuals with chronic wounds in a university hospital from Paraíba, Brazil. The data were collected from June to September 2019 through interviews guided by the Medical Outcome Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey generic Quality of Life assessment instruments and the Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule specific tool for people with chronic wounds. The Student's t, ANOVA, Mann-Whitney's U, Kruskal-Wallis and Kolmogorov-Smirnov tests were applied to analyze the data, with 5% significance. Results there was predominance of aged and married women with venous wounds not healing for over 24 weeks. The mean score of the generic instrument, which was 35.08, indicated a negative association between the physical capacity domain and female gender; as well as between vitality and age over 60 years old; between emotional aspects and marital status; of functional capacity, limitation of physical activity and emotional aspects with lack of religious practices; and of functional capacity with worse financial situation, all with p≤0.042. The specific instrument had a mean score of 45.57 and presented negative associations in the physical domain with female gender; as well as between social life without religious practices and social life with worse financial situation, all with p≤0.047. Conclusion the scores of the specific and generic instruments indicated low Quality of Life influenced by factors such as female gender, advanced age, being divorced/separated, lack of religious practices and having financial problems.

RESUMEN Objetivo evaluar la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud de personas con heridas crónicas y su asociación con características sociodemográficas y de salud. Método estudio transversal y analítico realizado con 85 personas con heridas crónicas en un hospital universitario de Paraíba - Brasil. Los datos se recolectaron entre junio y septiembre de 2019 por medio de entrevistas orientadas por el instrumentos genérico de evaluación de la calidad de vida de nombre Medical Outcome Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey y la herramienta específica para personas con heridas crónicas: Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule. Para analizar los dados se aplicaron las siguientes pruebas: t de Student, ANOVA, U de Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis y Kolmogorov-Smirnov, con significancia del 5%. Resultados hubo predominio de mujeres de edad avanzada, casadas, con heridas venosas que no cicatrizaban hacía más de 24 semanas. La puntuación media obtenida en el instrumento genérico, que fue 35,08, señaló una asociación negativa entre el dominio capacidad física y el sexo femenino; entre vitalidad y edad superior a 60 años; entre aspectos emocionales y estado civil; entre capacidad funcional, actividad física limitada y aspectos emocionales y ausencia de prácticas religiosas; y entre capacidad funcional y peor situación financiera, todos con p≤0,042. El instrumento específico tuvo una puntuación media de 45,57 y presentó asociaciones negativas en el dominio físico con sexo femenino; al igual que entre vida social sin prácticas religiosas y vida social con peor situación financiera, todos con p≤0,047. Conclusión las puntuaciones de los instrumentos específico e genérico indicaron baja calidad de vida influenciada por factores como sexo femenino, edad avanzada, estar divorciado/separado, ausencia de prácticas religiosas y tener problemas financieros.

RESUMO Objetivo avaliar a qualidade de vida relacionada à saúde de pessoas com feridas crônicas e sua associação com características sociodemográficas e de saúde. Método estudo transversal e analítico, realizado com 85 pessoas com feridas crônicas de um hospital universitário da Paraíba - Brasil. Os dados foram coletados de junho a setembro de 2019, por meio de entrevistas, norteadas pelos instrumentos de avaliação da qualidade de vida genérico - Medical Outcome Study 36-item Short-Form Health Survey e específico para pessoas com feridas crônicas - Cardiff Wound Impact Schedule. Para analisar os dados, aplicaram-se os testes t de Student, ANOVA, Teste U de Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis e Kolmogorov-Smirnov, com significância de 5%. Resultados predominaram mulheres idosas, casadas, com feridas venosas que não cicatrizavam há mais de 24 semanas. O escore médio do instrumento genérico, que foi de 35,08, apontou associação negativa entre o domínio capacidade física e o sexo feminino; vitalidade e idade acima de 60 anos; aspectos emocionais e estado civil; capacidade funcional, limitação de atividade física e aspectos emocionais com falta de práticas religiosas; capacidade funcional com pior situação financeira, todos com p≤0,042. O instrumento específico teve escore médio de 45,57 e apresentou associações negativas no domínio físico com o sexo feminino; vida social sem práticas religiosas e vida social com pior situação financeira, todos com p≤0,047. Conclusão as pontuações dos instrumentos específico e genérico indicaram baixa qualidade de vida influenciadas por fatores como sexo feminino, idade avançada, estar divorciado/separado, falta de práticas religiosas e ter problemas financeiros.

Análise espacial da leishmaniose tegumentar americana entre 2007 e 2017 / Spatial analysis of american cutaneous leishmaniasis between 2007 and 2017 / Análisis espacial de la leishmaniosis tegumentaria americana entre 2007 y 2017

Objetivo: analisar o perfil epidemiológico da leishmaniose tegumentar americana entre 2007 e 2017 na Paraíba, Nordeste Brasileiro. Método: Estudo ecológico dos casos de leishmaniose tegumentar americana registrados no Sistema de Informação de Agravos de Notificação. Utilizou-se o Risco Relativo, Método Scan Espacial e Método Bayesiano Empírico Local para a análise dos conglomerados. Resultados: Foram registrados 671 casos de leishmaniose tegumentar americana na Paraíba entre 2007 e 2017 com maior ocorrência em 2009 e 2010, com 121 e 91 notificações, respectivamente e no sexo masculino (341). A maioria apresentou a forma clínica cutânea e residentes na zona rural. Identificaram-se conglomerados espaciais significativos da leishmaniose tegumentar americana na Paraíba, no Litoral Norte, microrregião do Agreste e no município de Poço Dantas no Alto Sertão. Conclusões: os conglomerados espaciais de risco para a infecção demonstram a importância de ações imediatas de educação em saúde para prevenção do agravo

Objective: to analyze the epidemiological profile of american cutaneous leishmaniasis between 2007 and 2017 in Paraíba, Northeast Brazil. Method: Ecological study of cases of american cutaneous leishmaniasis registered in the Notifiable Diseases Information System. Relative Risk, Spatial Scan Method and Local Empirical Bayesian Method were used for the analysis of conglomerates.Results: 671 cases of american cutaneous leishmaniasis were registered in Paraíba between 2007 and 2017, with the highest occurrence in 2009 and 2010, with 121 and 91 notifications, respectively and among males (341). Most presented the clinical cutaneous form and lived in the rural area. Significant spatial conglomerates of american cutaneous leishmaniasis were identified in Paraíba, on the North Coast, the Agreste micro-region and in the municipality of Poço Dantas in Alto Sertão. Conclusions: thespatial conglomerates at risk for infection demonstrate the importance of immediate health education actions to prevent the disease

Objetivo: analizar el perfil epidemiológico de la leishmniosis cutánea entre 2007 y 2017 en Paraíba, noreste de Brasil. Método: Estudio ecológico de casos de leishmniosis cutánea registrados en el Sistema de Información de Enfermedades de Notificación. El riesgo relativo, el método de exploración espacial y el método bayesiano empírico local se utilizaron para el análisis del conglomerados. Resultados: se registraron 671 casos de leishmaniasis cutánea en Paraíba entre 2007 y 2017, con la mayor incidencia en 2009 y 2010, con 121 y 91 notificaciones, respectivamente, y entre hombres (341). La mayoría presentaba la forma cutánea clínica y vivía en el área rural. Se identificaron importantes conglomerados espaciales de leishmaniasis cutánea en Paraíba, en la costa norte, en la microrregión de Agreste y en el municipio de Poço Dantas en Alto Sertão. Conclusiones: los conglomerados espaciales en riesgo de infección demuestran la importancia de las acciones inmediatas de educación sanitaria para prevenir la enfermedad

Syphilis in riverine communities: prevalence and associated factors / Sífilis en comunidades ribereñas: prevalencia y factores asociados / Sífilis em comunidades ribeirinhas: prevalência e fatores associados

Abstract Objective: To estimate the prevalence of syphilis and associated factors in riverine communities. Method: This is a cross-sectional and analytical study carried out with 250 riverside dwellers living in five communities in the city of João Pessoa, state of Paraíba. Data were collected through interviews and rapid screening tests to investigate syphilis. Bivariate, logistic regression and weight of evidence analysis were performed to identify the association between risk factors and behavior variables and rapid test positivity. Results: he prevalence of syphilis was 11.6% (95%CI: 7.5-15.6). Riverside dwellers who have a previous history of Sexually Transmitted Infection (OR 8.00; 95%CI: 2.76-23.2), history of imprisonment (OR 7.39; 95%CI: 1.61-33.7) and who reported having more than two sexual partners in the last 12 months (OR 4.31; 95%CI: 1.55-11.9) were more likely to be positive for syphilis. Conclusion: High prevalence of syphilis among riverside dwellers and the presence of behavioral factors that increase vulnerability to acquiring the infection. The need to invest in preventive and screening strategies for syphilis in populations considered vulnerable is highlighted.

RESUMEN Objetivo: estimar la prevalencia de sífilis y factores asociados en comunidades ribereñas. Método: estudio transversal y analítico realizado con 250 ribereños residentes en cinco comunidades en el municipio de João Pessoa, Paraíba, Brasil. Los datos fueron recolectados por medio de entrevista y pruebas serológicas rápidas de triaje para investigación de sífilis. Se realizaron análisis bivariado, análisis de regresión logística y análisis del peso de la evidencia (Weight of Evidence) para identificar la asociación entre las variables de factores y de comportamiento de riesgo y la positividad de la prueba serológica rápida. Resultados: la prevalencia de sífilis fue un 11,6% (IC95%: 7,5-15,6). Ribereños que poseen historia anterior de Infección Sexualmente Transmisible (OR 8,00; IC95%: 2,76-23,2), histórico de cárcel (OR 7,39; IC95%: 1,61-33,7) y que relataron tener más de dos parejas sexuales en los últimos 12 meses (OR 4,31; IC95%: 1,55-11,9) demostraron mayores riesgos de presentar resultado positivo para la enfermedad. Conclusión: alta prevalencia de sífilis entre los ribereños y presencia de factores comportamentales que aumentan la vulnerabilidad a la adquisición de la infección. Se refuerza la necesidad de inversión en estrategias preventivas y de identificación de sífilis en poblaciones consideradas vulnerables.

RESUMO Objetivo: estimar a prevalência de sífilis e fatores associados em comunidades ribeirinhas. Método: estudo transversal e analítico realizado com 250 ribeirinhos residentes em cinco comunidades no município de João Pessoa, estado da Paraíba. Os dados foram coletados por meio de entrevista e testes rápidos de triagem para investigação da sífilis. Realizaram-se análise bivariada, de regressão logística e análise do peso da evidência (Weight of Evidence) para identificar a associação entre as variáveis de fatores e de comportamento de risco e a positividade do teste rápido. Resultados: a prevalência de sífilis foi de 11,6% (IC95%: 7,5-15,6). Ribeirinhos que possuem história prévia de Infecção Sexualmente Transmissível (OR 8,00; IC95%: 2,76-23,2), histórico de prisão (OR 7,39; IC95%: 1,61-33,7) e que relataram ter mais de dois parceiros sexuais nos últimos 12 meses (OR 4,31; IC95%: 1,55-11,9) apresentaram maiores chances de apresentar resultado positivo para sífilis. Conclusão: alta prevalência de sífilis entre os ribeirinhos e presença de fatores comportamentais que aumentam a vulnerabilidade à aquisição da infecção. Reforça-se a necessidade do investimento de estratégias preventivas e de rastreamento de sífilis em populações consideradas vulnerabilizadas.

Limiting factors of face shield use for health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic.

BACKGROUND: Coronavirus disease (COVID-19) is caused by SARS-COV2, a highly transmissible and pathogenic viral infection, and was identified in December 2019 in Wuhan, China. Three months later, it became a severe pandemic. OBJECTIVE: To identify scientific evidence on the use of face shields by health professionals during the COVID-19 pandemic period. METHOD: An integrative literature review of articles obtained from PubMed, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL), and Web of Science databases was undertaken. For the search, controlled, non-controlled descriptors and specific keywords: "face shield," "fluid resistance procedure," "respiratory infections," "healthcare workers," "COVID-19," "aerosols," and "personal protection infection" were used. RESULTS: The sample comprised seven studies. The available evidence has shown that face shields do not have a defined standard for their production-their effectiveness depends on the quality of the visor, structure, and fixation system. They must be used as adjuvants to other personal protective equipment (PPE), and their isolated use is not recommended due to the fragilities of peripheral face sealing, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic period. CONCLUSION: Due to the shortage of this equipment, domestic face shields can be indicated if they meet production requirements, based on scientific evidence for their efficient use.

Factors associated to the practice of using masks by the population of Paraíba during the COVID-19 pandemic. / Fatores associados à prática do uso de máscaras pela população paraibana durante a pandemia da COVID-19.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the practice of using masks by the population of the Brazilian state of Paraíba during the COVID-19 pandemic. METHOD: Cross-sectional, descriptive-analytical study conducted with adults living in the state of Paraíba through an online instrument from April to May 2020, through the Face Mask Use Scale of Faculdades Metropolitanas Unidas da Paraíba. RESULTS: The participants amounted to 1,307 (100.0%) individuals, who were predominantly female (78.0%), aged 35 to 45 (32.3%), married (53.3%) and post-graduates (46.9%). The mean score for the practice of using masks was 18.7 (SD = 8.0; minimum 6.00; maximum 30). The use of masks for self-protection scored 9.8 (DP = 3.9; minimum 3.0; maximum 15.0), whereas the score for protection of others was 8.9 (SD = 4.5; minimum 3.0; maximum 15.0). In the comparison between the scores of the practice of using masks, there was a significant statistical difference for gender, education, age group, and income (p ≤ 0.01). The practice of using masks was more frequent in health environments, 7.3 (DP = 3.2). CONCLUSION: The practice of using masks was predominant among women, people over 35, married, with an income higher than seven minimum wages, and post-graduation. The use of masks for self-protection was higher than for the protection of others and its use in health environments was higher than in the others.

Scientific production about palliative care and communication in online journals: a scoping review.

OBJECTIVES: to characterize publications about palliative care and communication, with an emphasis on the approaches addressed, disseminated in online journals. METHODS: it is a scope review, in which the mnemonic strategy Problem, Concept and Context was used, based on database research. The sample consisted of 86 publications. RESULTS: most publications were written in the English language, published in the journal BMC Palliative Care, and with level of evidence IV. As for the approaches approached, the following stand out: Importance of communication in palliative care; Breaking the bad news in palliative care; Training professionals/staff to communicate in palliative care; and Communication strategies in palliative care. FINAL CONSIDERATIONS: the review made it possible to map a significant number of publications on palliative care and communication. It is recommended to produce new studies with better scientific evidence that guide the assistance of health professionals.

Validation of persuasive audiovisual communication to reduce salt consumption by people with heart failure. / Validação de comunicação persuasiva audiovisual para redução do consumo de sal por pessoas com insuficiência cardíaca.

OBJECTIVE: To build and validate persuasive audiovisual communication content to reduce salt consumption in the diet of people with heart failure. METHOD: Methodological study, of a technological method, based on the Theory of Planned Behavior, in which the stages of pre-production, production and post-production were followed. Content validation was carried out with specialists in the field of health and communication. RESULTS: Based on the survey of beliefs related to salt reduction, the video contains 42 screens with three minutes and eleven seconds in duration and has animations and motivational arguments with the aim of positively influencing behavioral intention and modeling negative beliefs in positive ones. In content validation, the judges unanimously agreed with the evaluation criteria for the target audience, language, harmony, figures, narration and persuasion strategy. The Content Validity Index was satisfactory with a 97% agreement. CONCLUSION: Persuasive audiovisual communication was considered valid in terms of content, becoming a tool to enhance the reduction of salt consumption in the care of people with heart failure.

Persuasive communication and the diminution of the salt intake in heart failure patients: a pilot study.

OBJECTIVES: to evaluate the effect of persuasive communication in the modulation of the behavioral intention of reducing the consumption of salt in heart failure patients. METHODS: pilot quasi-experimental study with one group, before and after the application of audiovisual persuasive communication, as guided by the Theory of Planned Behavior. This study used a form built and validated to measure behavioral variables (Beliefs, Attitude, Subjective Norm, and Perceived Behavioral Control). Wilcoxon's test and Spearman's correlation were applied. RESULTS: 82 heart failure patients who were being monitored in outpatient clinics participated. The medians of the behavioral variables increased significantly after the exposition to persuasive communication, showing a high level of intention to execute the behavior. CONCLUSIONS: persuasive communication positively contributed to influence the behavioral intention of reducing the consumption of salt in people with cardiac insufficiency.

Instrument to evaluate the behavioral intention of hypertensive people when taking anti-hypertensives.

OBJECTIVES: to build and analyze the validity of an instrument to assess the behavioral intention of individuals with hypertension to take antihypertensive pills. METHODS: methodological study based on the theory of planned behavior, developed in three stages: preparation of the instrument, validation of content and pre-test with the target audience. The content has been validated by six experts. The Content Validity Index was applied. RESULTS: five nurses and one psychologist participated, with experiences in systemic arterial hypertension and/or planned behavior theory. The first version of the instrument contained 40 items. After analysis, the second version originated, with 36 items. 100% agreement was obtained for the scope of the constructions. The pre-test showed clarity and understanding of the items by the target audience. CONCLUSIONS: the instrument is a reliable and innovative technological product for use in populations with systemic arterial hypertension and beliefs similar to those identified in the surveyed group.

Fawcett analysis and evaluation model applied to the theory of chronic sorrow / Modelo de análisis y evaluación de Fawcett aplicado a la teoría de la tristeza crónica / Modelo de análise e avaliação de Fawcett aplicado à teoria da tristeza crônica

ABSTRACT Objective: to analyze the Theory of Chronic Sorrow, following the model of analysis and evaluation of Nursing theories proposed by Jacqueline Fawcett. Method: a reflective study, developed through the investigation of the Theory of Chronic Sorrow and its application in the nursing practice. The sample consisted of eighteen studies that used the theory as a reference. A Model for Analysis and Evaluation of Nursing Theories was used, which involved, in the first stage, a detailed examination of the referred theory in terms of scope, context and content. In the second stage - evaluation - the criteria of clarity, significance, internal consistency, parsimony, testability, empirical adequacy and pragmatic adequacy were used. Result: This is a mid-range theory that is predictive in relation to the scope. As for the context, it is based on the stress and adaptation model. The content presents well-defined and interrelated concepts. The concepts of meta-paradigm have significance, internal consistency and are operable. It features a usable instrument: The Chronic Sorrow Questionnaire, reliable as a tracking tool to detect the presence of chronic sorrow. The theory is parsimonious, it can be used with chronic diseases and directed to people in the final phase of life and their family caregivers. Conclusion: this study may contribute to indicate the use of the Theory of Chronic Sorrow and support nursing care in promoting effective strategies and, consequently, improve the comfort of patients and their families in coping with chronic sorrow.

RESUMEN Objetivo: analizar la Teoría de la Tristeza Crónica (Theory of Chronic Sorrow), sobre la base del modelo de análisis y evaluación de las teorías de Enfermería propuesto por Jacqueline Fawcett. Método: estudio reflexivo, desarrollado por medio de la investigación de la Teoría de la Tristeza Crónica y su aplicación en la práctica de enfermería. La muestra estuvo formada por dieciocho estudios que utilizaron la teoría como referencia. Se utilizó un Modelo de Análisis y Evaluación de Teorías de Enfermería, que involucró, en una primera etapa, un examen detallado de la referida teoría referida en términos de alcance, contexto y contenido. En la segunda etapa - la de evaluación - se utilizaron los criterios de claridad, significación, consistencia interna, parsimonia, testeo, adecuación empírica y adecuación pragmática. Resultado: es una teoría predictiva y de mediano alcance en relación a sus objetivos. En relación al contexto, se basa en el modelo de estrés y adaptación. El contenido presenta conceptos definidos, bien delimitados e interrelacionados. Los conceptos de metaparadigma tienen significado, consistencia interna y son operativos. Presenta un instrumento utilizable: Chronic Sorrow Questionnaire, confiable como herramienta de cribado para detectar la presencia de tristeza crónica. La teoría es parsimoniosa, puede ser utilizada por los enfermeros y está dirigida a personas con enfermedades crónicas en la etapa final de la vida y a sus cuidadores familiares. Conclusión: este estudio puede contribuir a indicar el uso de la Teoría de la Tristeza Crónica y respaldar la atención de enfermería en la promoción de estrategias efectivas y, en consecuencia, mejorar el bienestar de los pacientes y sus familias en el afrontamiento de la tristeza crónica.

RESUMO Objetivo: analisar a Teoria da Tristeza Crônica (Theory of Chronic Sorrow), seguindo o modelo de análise e avaliação de teorias de Enfermagem proposto por Jacqueline Fawcett. Método: estudo reflexivo, desenvolvido por meio da investigação da Teoria da Tristeza Crônica e sua aplicação na prática de enfermagem. A amostra foi composta de dezoito estudos que utilizaram a teoria como referencial. Foi utilizado um Modelo de Análise e Avaliação das Teorias de Enfermagem que envolveu, na primeira etapa, um exame detalhado da referida teoria quanto ao escopo, ao contexto e ao conteúdo. Na segunda etapa - a de avaliação - empregaram-se os critérios de clareza, significância, consistência interna, parcimônia, testabilidade, adequação empírica e adequação pragmática. Resultado: trata-se de uma teoria de médio alcance e preditiva em relação ao escopo. Quanto ao contexto, fundamenta-se no modelo de estresse e adaptação. O conteúdo apresenta conceitos definidos bem delimitados e inter-relacionados. Os conceitos de metaparadigma têm significância, consistência interna e são operacionáveis. Apresenta um instrumento utilizável: o Chronic Sorrow Questionnaire, confiável como ferramenta de rastreio para detectar a presença de tristeza crônica. A teoria é parcimoniosa, pode ser utilizada por enfermeiros e direcionada a pessoas com doenças crônicas em fase final de vida e seus familiares cuidadores. Conclusão: este estudo poderá contribuir para indicar o uso da Teoria da Tristeza Crônica e respaldar a assistência de enfermagem na promoção de estratégias eficazes e, consequentemente, melhorar o conforto de pacientes e de suas famílias no enfrentamento da tristeza crônica.